This is a set of laws that were passed by congress in 1938 giving the FDA the authority to oversee the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics. The Electronic Product Radiation Control provisions were added to the act in 1968.
FD&C was introduced to replace an act from 1906 called the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. The new act was spurred by over 100 deaths due to a sulfanilimide medication.